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VTE Prevention After Major Orthopaedic Surgery:
Consistent results across three RECORD trials involving nearly 10,000 patients / Venous thromboembolism considered the most frequent and potentially fatal complication following major orthopaedic surgery / No evidence of liver signal attributable to rivaroxaban has been seen
Abstract # 6, 307, 308
Leverkusen, December 10, 2007 - Phase III clinical trial results released today
underscore that the oral, once-daily, investigational anticoagulant rivaroxaban
(Xarelto®) is significantly more effective than enoxaparin, the standard of
care, in preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients undergoing total
hip or knee replacement surgery. Rivaroxaban-treated patients consistently
experienced lower rates of VTE events compared to enoxaparin-treated patients
across three large studies as well as demonstrating a similar rate of bleeding.
Rivaroxaban is being jointly developed by Bayer HealthCare AG and Johnson &
Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.
Data from the RECORD1 and RECORD2 studies, evaluating rivaroxaban in total hip
replacement surgery, were presented at the 49th Annual Meeting of the American
Society of Hematology. Additional data from the head-to-head RECORD3 study,
which showed similar significant results for rivaroxaban over enoxaparin in
total knee replacement surgery, were also presented.
The data presented revealed the following results:
- RECORD1 (n=4,541) demonstrated a 70% relative risk reduction (RRR) in total
VTE when compared with enoxaparin (p<0.001), and an 88% RRR (p<0.001) in major
VTE.
- RECORD2 (n=2,509) demonstrated a 79% RRR (p<0.001) in total VTE when compared
with enoxaparin with again an 88% RRR (p<0.001) in major VTE.
- RECORD3 (n=2,531) demonstrated a 49% RRR (p<0.001) in total VTE when compared
with enoxaparin and a 62% RRR (p=0.016) in major VTE.
- Bleeding rates were low and similar in all arms.
"In RECORD1, 2 and 3, we have three Phase III trials showing unprecedented
results in major orthopaedic surgery for the prevention of VTE and this is
genuinely exciting," said Dr. A.G.G. Turpie, Principal Investigator in the
RECORD program, Professor of Medicine, McMaster University, Canada. "In three
different trials across large patient populations, we have seen rivaroxaban
outperform the current standard of care, enoxaparin, without compromising on
safety. This is strong clinical evidence that we are making a major leap
forward in oral anticoagulation."
A key secondary endpoint of the study measuring the reduction of symptomatic
VTE, also showed clinically meaningful results in favor of rivaroxaban. For
this endpoint, the trials showed an RRR of 45% (p=0.222) in RECORD1, an 80% RRR
(p=0.004) in RECORD2 and a 66% RRR (p=0.005) in RECORD3, compared to the
standard regimen.
"The symptomatic VTE findings in the RECORD trials are extraordinary," added
Dr. Turpie. "Previous trials were successful in identifying trends towards
reducing symptomatic VTE, but with RECORD2 and 3 we are seeing clinically
relevant reductions in symptomatic VTE for the first time in orthopaedic
surgery. These results are a major milestone in the evolution of
anticoagulation therapy."
Rivaroxaban is a novel, oral, once-daily direct Factor Xa inhibitor in advanced
clinical development for a wide range of indications to prevent and treat blood
clots. Rivaroxaban works at a pivotal stage in the coagulation process to
directly inhibit the enzyme Factor Xa. Based on extensive studies, rivaroxaban
has been shown to have a wide therapeutic window without need for routine blood
monitoring.
"Bayer Schering Pharma is extremely encouraged by the positive results of the
RECORD program which show the potential for rivaroxaban to set a new standard
of care in this underserved patient population," said Dr. Kemal Malik, Head of
Global Development and member of the Board of Management of Bayer Schering
Pharma AG.
Detailed Study Results
Data presented at the ASH meeting are from RECORD (REgulation of Coagulation in
major Orthopaedic surgery reducing the Risk of DVT and PE), a global program of
four pivotal trials in more than 12,000 patients comparing oral, once-daily
rivaroxaban with subcutaneous enoxaparin in the prevention of VTE after
elective, major orthopaedic surgery of the lower limbs. Following are summary
results from RECORD1, RECORD2 and RECORD3:
RECORD1 (Abstract #6)
The RECORD1 trial compared the safety and efficacy of rivaroxaban with
enoxaparin in patients undergoing total hip replacement surgery. The duration
of thromboprophylaxis in both treatments was five weeks. The study showed a 70%
RRR (p<0.001) in total VTE (composite of deep vein thrombosis, non-fatal
pulmonary embolism and all-cause mortality), for patients treated with
rivaroxaban compared with those treated with enoxaparin. In addition, an 88%
RRR (p<0.001) in major VTE (composite of proximal deep vein thrombosis,
non-fatal pulmonary embolism and VTE-related death) was observed in patients
treated with rivaroxaban. Rivaroxaban demonstrated a similarly low rate of
major bleeding to enoxaparin (0.3% and 0.1%, respectively, p=0.178).
RECORD2 (Abstract #307)
The RECORD2 study evaluated the safety and efficacy of rivaroxaban compared
with enoxaparin and placebo. The duration of thromboprophylaxis in patients
undergoing total hip replacement was 35+/-4 days (extended prophylaxis) for
rivaroxaban and 10-14 days for those receiving enoxaparin, followed by placebo.
The primary and secondary endpoints were the same as for RECORD1 with a 79% RRR
(p<0.001) in total VTE and an 88% RRR (p<0.001) in major VTE for patients
treated with rivaroxaban compared with those treated with enoxaparin.
Rivaroxaban demonstrated a similarly low rate of major bleeding to enoxaparin
(0.1% and 0.1%, respectively, p=0.980).
RECORD3 (Abstract #308)
The RECORD3 trial compared the safety and efficacy of rivaroxaban with
enoxaparin in patients undergoing total knee replacement surgery. Enoxaparin
was initiated 12 hours before surgery, and rivaroxaban 6-8 hours after surgery;
both treatments were continued for 10-14 days. Primary and secondary endpoints
were the same as for RECORD1. There was a 49% RRR (p<0.001) in total VTE and a
62% RRR (p=0.016) in major VTE for patients treated with rivaroxaban compared
with those treated with enoxaparin. Rivaroxaban demonstrated a similarly low
rate of major bleeding to enoxaparin (0.6% and 0.5%, respectively, p=0.774).
Copies of the abstracts may be viewed online at the ASH website:
www.hematology.org/meetings/abstracts.cfm
Unmet Needs in Venous Thromboembolism (VTE)
VTE, disease process that begins with a blood clot in a vein, includes both
deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). Patients undergoing
major orthopaedic surgery are at high risk for VTE because during orthopaedic
surgery the large veins of the leg that carry blood back to the heart are
damaged, significantly increasing the risk of coagulation and thrombosis.
Each year, approximately 700,000 people elect to have hip and knee replacement
surgeries in the U.S. and a blood clot is the most common cause of
re-hospitalization for this patient group. In fact, VTE is considered the most
frequent preventable serious and potentially fatal complication following major
orthopaedic surgery. But the threat stretches beyond orthopaedic surgeries.
Blood clots are one of the leading causes of global mortality and a concern for
many patient populations, including those with atrial fibrillation at risk for
stroke; those at risk for acute myocardial infarction (heart attack); those
undergoing major orthopaedic surgery; and acutely medically ill patients.
About Rivaroxaban
To date, rivaroxaban is the most extensively studied oral direct Factor Xa
inhibitor in development. Based on the clinical evidence so far, in more than
24,000 patients enrolled in the rivaroxaban development program (of which more
than 14,000 have been exposed to rivaroxaban and 2,400 have been treated for 3
to 6 months), no evidence of liver signal attributable to rivaroxaban has been
seen. However, a more definite statement can only be made based on availability
of the data from long term exposure to rivaroxaban in the VTE treatment and
stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation (SPAF) programs. Almost 50,000
patients are expected to be evaluated in the total clinical development
program.
Bayer HealthCare submitted a regulatory filing to the European Agency for the
Evaluation of Medicinal Products (EMEA) at the end of October 2007 for approval
to market rivaroxaban in the EU for the prevention of VTE in patients
undergoing major orthopaedic surgery of the lower limbs. Upon regulatory
approval, rivaroxaban will be commercialized in Europe by Bayer Schering
Pharma. A filing for rivaroxaban for a similar indication in the United States
is planned in 2008, where upon approval, it will be commercialized by Scios
Inc. and Ortho-McNeil, Inc., both of which are wholly-owned subsidiaries of
Johnson & Johnson.
The trade name of rivaroxaban is expected to be Xarelto®, pending health
authority approval.
About Bayer HealthCare
The Bayer Group is a global enterprise with core competencies in the fields of
healthcare, nutrition and high-tech materials. Bayer HealthCare, a subsidiary
of Bayer AG, is one of the world's leading, innovative companies in the
healthcare and medical products industry and is based in Leverkusen, Germany.
The company combines the global activities of the Animal Health, Consumer Care,
Diabetes Care and Pharmaceuticals divisions. The pharmaceuticals business
operates under the name Bayer Schering Pharma AG. Bayer HealthCare's aim is to
discover and manufacture products that will improve human and animal health
worldwide. Find more information at www.bayerhealthcare.com.
Bayer Schering Pharma is a worldwide leading specialty pharmaceutical company.
Its research and business activities are focused on the following areas:
Diagnostic Imaging, Hematology/Cardiology, Oncology, Primary Care, Specialized
Therapeutics and Women's Healthcare. With innovative products, Bayer Schering
Pharma aims for leading positions in specialized markets worldwide. Using new
ideas, Bayer Schering Pharma aims to make a contribution to medical progress
and strives to improve the quality of life. Find more information at
www.bayerscheringpharma.de.
